
Emperor of Ethiopia from 1930 to 1974 . The heir to a dynasty that traced its origins to the 13th century, and from there by tradition back to King Solomon and the Queen of Sheba, Haile Selassie is a defining figure in Ethiopian and African history.
On December 13, 1960, while Haile Selassie was on a state visit to Brazil, his Imperial Guard forces staged an unsuccessful coup attempt. The coup d'état was crushed by the regular Army and police forces. The coup attempt lacked popular support, was denounced by the Ethiopian Orthodox Church, and was unpopular among the Army and Police forces. Nonetheless, the effort to depose the Emperor had support among students and the educated classes.The coup attempt has been characterized as a pivotal moment in Ethiopian history, the point at which Ethiopians "for the first time questioned the power of the king to rule without the people's consent".
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